* * * * * Breast Augmentation * * * * *
* * * * * * * * Breast Lift * * * * * * * *
* * * * * * Breast Reduction * * * * * *


Breast Augmentation
( Augmentation Mammaplasty, Breast implants )

     The surgery is aiming to help women whose breasts are small to have larger and proportional breasts. To make their dream come true, to be similar with others. Many time, it gives back confidence to the middle age women who had nice breasts when they were young or before they had children. This operation also fulfill many transgender who wish to have more feminine looking breasts.

Pre-operative consultation

     The straightforward communication between a surgeon and a client will avoid most of the problems regarding the outcome. Some people is not a good candidate for breast augmentation such as a woman whose breasts are moderately or very droopy.

     If the surgeon decide that the client will be beneficial from breast implants, he Will advise them to try several sizes of real implants until they find the proper ones. There are many other things to select before operation; Silicone or Saline implants, Low or High profile, Round or Teardrop , Smooth or Texture surface, Location of incision (armpits, nipples or breast folds ), Location of implant ( above or under chest muscle)

     The surgeon normally need to take photos of clients’ breasts for comparison between before and after surgery.

Anesthetic Procedure

     The client is subjected to have chest x-ray and routine complete blood count
Check on the surgery day. They have to stop eating and drinking at least 6 hours before surgery and inform their history of allergy or other health problem. Every cases
Of breast augmentation are performed under general anesthesia and undertaken at the hospital, not at the clinic.

Operative Procedure

     The surgery takes normally between one and a half and two hours depended on the location of incisions, how much bleeding , fresh or corrective cases.

     Drawing the extent of dissection may be done on the chest in sitting position before anesthesia or lying position after anesthesia depended on surgeon experience.The selected incision is done approximately 4 to 6 centimetres. The space will be created under or above chest muscle according to the agreement during consultation. Normally, the surgeon prefer to place implants under chest muscle if there is no disadvantage. Then, antibiotic solution will be used to irrigate inside those pockets. The most important step is to squeeze the breast implants until it sit on the right position. Finally, both incisions are closed.

     Normally, we will not put any drain except that there is a risk of bleeding or blood collection. Then we consider to put drain and retain for 1-2 days case by case.

Post-operative care

     The client will recuperate at the hospital for 1 night, or 2 nights if necessary. Then they can rest at the hotel until the follow up day, 5 days after surgery. During Hospitalization, they may request for Morphine or Pethidine injection to relieve pain.

     Also, anti swelling tablets and mild pain killer tablets are prescribed for a few More day after the client leave the hospital.

     Elastic bandage support is wrapped around the breasts for several days but if it Is not convenient, the client can use a sport brassiere (without wire) instead. After a few weeks, if they are getting better and have more comfort, they can start using the normal brassiere. The client whose breasts have tendency to sag in the near future, we recommend them to use brassiere supporting their breasts as much as possible. But for transgender or women whose previous breasts are quite flat, we encourage them to avoid brassiere to give chance for the implants to drop and stretch the skin faster.

     5-6 days after surgery, the client need to come back to see the surgeon for check up and have stitches removed. The surgeon will teach them to massage the breasts to reduce the risk of encapsulation (capsular contracture). If the clients have tear drop implants, they must not massage the breasts since it can misplace it and end up with breast deformity.

     The breast massage should be continued regularly for 6 months, 3 times a day. Each massage needs just several minutes a session.

     In many occasions, the new breasts will not look natural immediately because the skin over the breasts and implants has never been stretched before. A few weeks later, the breasts are going to look better and it may takes a few months before it look natural.

Activities

     The client can have light activities during the first week but they may not be able to raise their arms higher than head. They should avoid lifting heavy luggage for a few weeks. They can start driving a car again a week after operation. It is a month after surgery before they can resume normal activities.

Complications

     Every surgery has a risk of complications. It is not common if the operation is performed by experience surgeons. Some complications are correctable, some are not and end up with removal of the implants. However, most of the clients still get chance to have breasts implants redone, normally 6 months later.

     Infection Approximately 1% of the cases, in most cases, implants must be taken out since antibiotic can not help clearing the infection. If the client need to have implants again, the surgeon will wait for at least 6 months before redo it.

     Bleeding and blood collection Approximately 1-2% of the cases. Normally found at the first 48 hours after surgery. The surgeon need to take the patient to an operation theatre to remove the blood clot out and stop the bleeding spot. A drain tube may be installed and retained for one or two days. However, implants need not to be removed.

     Seroma collection 5-10% of the cases, if the surgeon detect that there is fluid collected around implants, then he will consider either to leave it alone until fluid is reabsorbed into body or aspirate it out to speedy the healing process.

     Capsular contracture (encapsulation) Incidence is approximately 5-10% depended on the severity. It can happen any time after surgery, a month or many years later. Normally, when the foreign body is buried inside human body, the body will shell it with a tissue generally called a capsule. If the capsule around implant is thin and pliable, the breasts will look and feel realistic. If the capsule is a little bit thicker, the contour or feeling is still acceptable. But if the capsule is very thick and constricted, the breasts may be deformed and cause pain.

     There are many factors that can lead to capsular contracture and it is very hard to predict that it will happen in any case. The correction if considered, Capsulectomy, to repeat operation and remove the capsule. Replace the new implants. But it can not guarantee that it will not happen again.

     Numbness or reduced sensation at nipple and breasts Founded approximately 5-10%. It is not dangerous but may be concerned since it is annoying. In most cases, the feeling is coming back, completely or incompletely, 6 weeks to 6 months after surgery. In few cases, the feeling may not come back.

Cost of surgery

Augmentation Mammaplasty or breast enlargement costs 105,000 Thai Bahts (Approx. 3,400 US$, 2,200 Euro, 3,600AUS$, 1,700 Eng Pounds). Revision augmentation mammaplasty cost 3,800US$. This includes surgeon fee,anesthetist fee, Round mammary implants ( silicone or saline water ), room and meals at the hospital for 2 days, transportation between hospital and airport or hotel.



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Breast Lift ( Mastopexy )

General view

     A lot of woman is longing for their past beautiful breasts that disappear after they have children because the skin loses its elasticity, then the breasts sag and lose firmness and shape. Breast lift or Mastopexy is the procedure of choice even many woman seek for breast implants because their misunderstanding. However, in many circumstance, breast implants might be combined in the same setting or several months later to increase the breast volume.

Technique of surgery

     The principal of Mastopexy or breast lift is to remove excess loose skin, relocate the nipples areolar complexes to the better higher proper position. Some breast glandular tissue might be removed also. So the new breasts contour will be better looking , firmer but a little bit smaller than before. However, to achieve this outcome, there should be a few scars on both breasts. The first one is around the areolar complex. The second one is from the areolar complex running vertically to the breast fold. In many circumstance, the third scar under the breast fold or crease can not be avoided.

     The most concern about this kind of surgery, especially among the Oriental or African American people is the quality of the scar. Some scars are not conspicuous but sometimes these scars are ugly, hypertrophic or keloid and can not be improved so much. So the patient need to consider the surgery carefully that if the scar heal not so well, they can live with that stigmata all their lives or not.

     If the breast implants is inserted in the same setting, the surgeon would place under breast glandular tissue or Pectoral chest muscle.

Type of Anaesthesia

     Normally, most of the cases will be performed under general anaesthesia. But if the sagging is not severe and the breasts are not large, the operation can be done under twilight anaesthesia. The surgery takes approximately 3-4 hours.

Pre-operative care

     The patient will be admitted to the hospital on the day of surgery 3-4 hours before operation time. No food or drink allowed at least 6 hours before surgical time. If the patient use Aspirin or any anticoagulant drugs regularly, they must stop at least 2 weeks before schedule. Smoking can cause vascular impairing to the skin or nipple flap that lead to necrosis of tissue, so the patient need to stop smoking at least 2 weeks before surgery. Chest x-ray, EKG, routine blood tests will be done on the admission day. If the patient have any allergy history, they must inform the doctor before surgery.

Hospitalization and post operative care

     Usually, the patient need to stay in the hospital for 1 night before moving to rest at the hotel. The patient is allowed to stand and walk the next day after surgery with bandages over both breasts. Pain killer and antibiotic is routinely given for a few days. The patient can not take shower for a few days. On the first visit after released from the hospital ( 6-7 days after surgery ), the stitches are removed and the wound dressing are changed. If there is no any complication, the patient might travel back home by plane. But they should avoid lifting heavy luggage for a few weeks after surgery. Full exercise is allowed 4 weeks after surgery. The good supporting bras is very helpful, the patient should continue wearing bra in day time regularly. The new breasts will be more natural or realistic approximately 4 -6 weeks after surgery especially if there is no skin excision under breast folds.

     If breast implants are inserted in the same setting, the outcome will be more realistic approximately 6-8 weeks after surgery.

     Many times that the scar might not heal properly and end up with hypertrophic scar or keloid scar. Silicone sheet scar compression or steroid injection directly into the scar might be helpful even not always effective. So the patient must keep in mind before surgery in this unwanted incidence.

Complications

     Every surgery has a risk of complication even how hard the surgeon try to prevent it. The possible complications from breast lift are wound infection, sensation loss of the nipple, wound necrosis either of the skin or nipple areolar complexes. If there is breast implants inserted in the same time, the risk of complication will be increasing including collection of blood and serum fluid.

Cost of surgery

     Breast lift costs 85,000 Thai Bahts ( Approx. 2,700 US$ , 3,000 AUS$, 1,800 Euro, 1,400 Eng Pounds )including hospitalization for 1 day, surgery, general anaesthesia, medication and transportation between the hospital and the hotel. If breast implants is inserted in the same setting, the total cost is 4,000US$.

     Normally, if the patient is a good candidate, breast lift and implants can be done in the same setting, the total cost of breast lift/implants is 150,000 Thai Bahts (4,800 US$, 5,200 AUS$, 3,100 Euro, 2,400 Eng Pounds ).

Contact

     In case that the patient need any more information, please contact us at Phuket Plastic Surgery 371/81 Yaowaraj rd., Muang, Phuket, Thailand, 83000. Fax. + 66 76 254 765 ( 24 hours )
Email : kunaporn@phuket.ksc.co.th or info@phuket-plasticsurgery.com


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Breast Reduction ( Reduction Mammaplasty )

General view

     Many women suffer from too large or pendulous breasts ( breast hypertrophy or macromastia ) that cause neck or back pain, breathing difficulty, irritative rash or fungal infection along breast folds and bra strap ,etc. Daily activities including exercise and sport are also affected or limited. Finding proper bras and clothes are also difficult. The solution is breast reduction surgery. So this operation is not only aimed at cosmetic improvement but also eliminating the above functional and emotional problems.

     The cause of breast hypertrophy is imbalance hormone production and response. In many cases, it is related with genetic factor. The patient who seek for this surgery should exceed 18-20 years old that the breasts are fully developed. The women who intend to breast-feed their infant should not considered this operation. Some patients need medical treatment from the endocrinologist before surgery.

Techniques of surgery

     There are many surgical techniques to reduce breasts. The aim of surgery is to remove excess breast glandular tissue including skin and fat. The nipples and areolar complexes are reduced and relocate to the proper position. New smaller,lighter and firmer breast contour then will be reconstructed. In some cases that the breasts are hugh, the nipples and areolar complexes would be detached from the breasts and reattached to the breasts immediately as composite graft. In this case, patients must lose the nipple sensation.

     Our center's common techniques are among Key hole ( Inverted T ) pattern with bipedicle vertical nipple areolar flap, Superior pedicle nipple areolar flap, or Free nipple areolar graft, depended on the pre-operative breast size. The surgery leave scars around the areolar complexes, breast folds and the junction between the areolar complexes and breast folds. No blood transfusion needed.

     Normally, 200-300 grams per side of breast tissue is removed during minimal breast reduction. 300-600 per side is moderate breast reduction. Within these range of reduction, pedicle nipple areolar flap is chosen to preserve form and sensation of the nipple areolar complexes.

     But if more tissue is expected to be removed, then free nipple graft will be considered and the patient will lose the nipple sensation permanently.

     The patient can send us the photos of breasts to our clinic for evaluation in ahead, so the surgeon can response back about the plan of surgery.

Type of Anaesthesia

     Normally, every cases will be performed under general anaesthesia. The surgery takes approximately 4-6 hours.

Pre-operative care

     The patient will be admitted to the hospital on the day of surgery 3-4 hours before operation time. No food or drink allowed at least 6 hours before surgical time. If the patient use Aspirin or any anticoagulant drugs regularly, they must stop at least 2 weeks before schedule. Smoking can cause vascular impairing to the skin or nipple flap that lead to necrosis of tissue, so the patient need to stop smoking at least 2 weeks before surgery. Chest x-ray, EKG, routine blood tests will be done on the admission day. If the patient have any allergy history, they must inform the doctor before surgery.

Hospitalization and post operative care

     Usually, the patient need to stay in the hospital for 2-3 nights before moving to rest at the hotel. There will be drain tubes on both breasts and removed 1-2 days after surgery. The patient is allowed to stand and walk the next day after surgery with bandages over both breasts. Pain killer and antibiotic is routinely given for a few days. The patient can not take shower for a week. On the first visit after released from the hospital ( 6-7 days after surgery ), the stitches are removed and the wound dressing are changed. If there is no any complication, the patient might travel back home by plane. But they should avoid lifting heavy luggage for a few weeks after surgery. Full exercise are allowed 6 weeks after surgery. The good supporting bras is very helpful, the patient should continue wearing bra in day time regularly.

     Many times that the scar might not heal properly and end up with hypertrophic scar or keloid scar. Silicone sheet scar compression or steroid injection directly into the scar might be helpful even not always effective. So the patient must keep in mind before surgery in this unwanted incidence.

Complications

     Every surgery has a risk of complication even how hard the surgeon try to prevent it. The possible complications from reduction mammaplasty are wound infection, blood or fluid collection inside the breasts, sensation loss of the nipple, wound necrosis either of the skin or nipple areolar complexes.

Cost of surgery

     Breast reduction costs 130,000 Thai Bahts ( 4,200US$, 4,500 AUS$, 2,700 Euro, 2,000 Eng Pounds) including hospitalization for 2- 3 days, surgery, anaesthesia, medication and transportation between the hospital and the hotel.

Updated since March 2008

Contact

     In case that the patient need any more information, please contact us at Phuket Plastic Surgery
371/81 Yaowaraj rd., Muang, Phuket, Thailand, 83000. Fax. + 66 76 254 765 ( 24 hours )
Email : kunaporn@phuket.ksc.co.th or info@phuket-plasticsurgery.com


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